We all use the Internet on a daily basis, and whilst some of
us may have a basic understanding of how it works, it is a lot more complex
than many of us think.
Or is it?
In its simplest form, the Internet is a means to transfer
digital information around the globe. But how is that data transmitted? Is the
Internet just one thing or is it many things which are somehow connected
together?
The answer is that it is many networks which, through the
use of Peering and Transit, are allowed to speak to one and other.
The simple definition for Transit is a “network that passes
traffic between networks in addition to carrying traffic for its own hosts”.
ISP’s and Hosting Providers are networks in their own right, but they need to
have the ability to interconnect with other networks. Sometimes, this can be a
direct link but often, it can be indirect and need to hop between multiple
networks before the data being transmitted arrives at its final destination.
With Transit, one network will agree to allow traffic to
flow between itself and any other network already connected to it. This is how
the World Wide Web operates.
Peering on the other hand is where two or more networks are
directly connected, either publicly or privately.
It should be noted that Transit providers allows other
networks to exchange traffic and not bandwidth.
Without Transit, the Internet would simply not work, as all
we would have would be a collection of closed networks.
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